NCLEX Fundamentals (Nursing)

Cards (24)

• 1
  Front

  What is the normal adult resting heart rate range?

  Back

  60–100 beats per minute

• 2
  Front

  What is the normal adult respiratory rate range?

  Back

  12–20 breaths per minute

• 3
  Front

  What is the normal adult blood pressure range?

  Back

  Less than 120/80 mmHg (systolic < 120, diastolic < 80)

• 4
  Front

  What is the normal adult oral temperature range?

  Back

  36.5–37.5°C (97.7–99.5°F)

• 5
  Front

  What are the five moments for hand hygiene according to the WHO?

  Back

  Before patient contact, before an aseptic task, after body fluid exposure risk, after patient contact, and after contact with the patient's surroundings

• 6
  Front

  What personal protective equipment (PPE) is required for contact precautions?

  Back

  Gloves and gown

• 7
  Front

  What type of isolation precautions are required for tuberculosis (TB)?

  Back

  Airborne precautions: negative-pressure room, N95 respirator

• 8
  Front

  What is the 'Five Rights' framework for medication administration?

  Back

  Right patient, right drug, right dose, right route, right time

• 9
  Front

  What does it mean when a medication has a narrow therapeutic index?

  Back

  The difference between the therapeutic dose and a toxic dose is small, requiring careful monitoring (e.g., digoxin, lithium, warfarin)

• 10
  Front

  What is the normal serum potassium (K+) range?

  Back

  3.5–5.0 mEq/L

• 11
  Front

  What is the normal serum sodium (Na+) range?

  Back

  135–145 mEq/L

• 12
  Front

  What is the normal blood glucose range (fasting)?

  Back

  70–100 mg/dL

• 13
  Front

  What is the normal INR for a patient on warfarin therapy?

  Back

  2.0–3.0 (therapeutic anticoagulation range)

• 14
  Front

  What is the normal adult hemoglobin range?

  Back

  Male: 13.5–17.5 g/dL; Female: 12.0–15.5 g/dL

• 15
  Front

  What pharmacology category does metformin belong to, and what is its primary use?

  Back

  Biguanide (antidiabetic); lowers blood glucose by reducing hepatic glucose production in type 2 diabetes

• 16
  Front

  What is the antidote for acetaminophen overdose?

  Back

  N-acetylcysteine (NAC)

• 17
  Front

  What is the antidote for heparin overdose?

  Back

  Protamine sulfate

• 18
  Front

  What is the antidote for warfarin overdose or toxicity?

  Back

  Vitamin K (phytonadione); fresh frozen plasma (FFP) for rapid reversal

• 19
  Front

  What prioritization framework uses the concepts of actual vs. potential problems and ABCs?

  Back

  Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs combined with the ABCs (Airway, Breathing, Circulation) framework; actual problems take priority over potential ones

• 20
  Front

  In the SBAR communication tool, what does each letter stand for?

  Back

  S – Situation, B – Background, A – Assessment, R – Recommendation

• 21
  Front

  What does the nursing priority principle 'ABC' stand for and why is it used?

  Back

  Airway, Breathing, Circulation; it guides the order of assessment and intervention to address the most life-threatening issues first

• 22
  Front

  What is the Joint Commission's 'Do Not Use' abbreviation list intended to prevent?

  Back

  Medication errors caused by misinterpreted abbreviations (e.g., 'U' for units, 'QD' for daily)

• 23
  Front

  What safety measure should a nurse take before administering a high-alert medication?

  Back

  Perform an independent double-check with another nurse to verify the drug, dose, route, rate, and patient identity

• 24
  Front

  What is the normal SpO2 (oxygen saturation) range for a healthy adult?

  Back

  95–100%; values below 90% are generally considered clinically significant hypoxemia